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Campostoma ornatum
The Mexican stoneroller (''Campostoma ornatum'') is a species of fish native to Arizona and Texas in the United States and parts of adjacent Mexico.〔(''Campostoma ornatum''. ) NatureServe Explorer. 2014.〕 It belongs to the carp family, Cyprinidae. There are three other species in this genus, ''Campostoma anomalum'' (the central stoneroller), ''Campostoma oligolepis'' (the largescale stoneroller), and ''Campostoma pauciradii'' (the bluefin stoneroller), which are morphologically similar.
== Description ==
The Mexican stoneroller has a very stout body with a very large head and snout. The mouth is unique in that its teeth have cartilaginous sheaths, while the size of its mouth is usually very small. The fish’s mature length can range anywhere from 3 to nearly 6 inches, however 6 inches is rare, and the average is about 3.5 inches. They have small scales that run along the lateral line, much like the Gila longfin dace and the Yaqui longfin dace. The scales of the Mexican stoneroller can sometimes form arches on its back. Sexual selection has dictated exaggerated male characteristics, which include larger heads and pre-dorsal areas in more successful males. These fish have color patterns with lighter bottoms and darker backs, with a distinct black stripe along the lateral line. They also have a somewhat blotched appearance.〔Girard, C. (1856) "Researches upon the cyprinoid fishes inhabiting the fresh waters of the United States of America, west of the Mississippi Valley" ''Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia'' 8: pp. 165-213.〕〔Hendrickson, D. A. ''et al.'' (1980). (Fishes of the Rio Yaqui Basin, Mexico and United States. ) ''Journal of the Arizona-Nevada Academy of Sciences'' 15(3): pp. 71-〕〔Burr, B.M. (1976) "A review of the Mexican stoneroller, ''Campostoma ornatum Girard'' (Pisces: Cyprinadae)" ''Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History'' 18(7): pp. 127-143〕〔Minckley, W. L. (1973) ''Fishes of Arizona'' Arizona Game and Fish Department, Phoenix, Arizona, pages 141-142, 〕〔Arizona Game and Fish Department (1996 draft) (''Wildlife of special concern in Arizona'' ) Arizona Game and Fish Department Publication, Phoenix, Arizona〕
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